無論是身處學(xué)校還是步入社會(huì)，大家都嘗試過寫作吧，借助寫作也可以提高我們的語言組織能力。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們怎樣才能寫好一篇范文呢？以下是我為大家搜集的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文，僅供參考，一起來看看吧
英語選修虛擬語氣句型 選修虛擬語氣篇一
英語的動(dòng)詞有三種語氣形式，即陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。陳述語氣用來說明事實(shí)或就事實(shí)提出詢問，可用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句中；祈使語氣用于表示請求、命令、建議或警告等。虛擬語氣是謂語動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用來表達(dá)假設(shè)、主觀愿望、猜測、建議、可能或空想等非真實(shí)情況。如：
1.虛擬語氣
he is honest.他很誠實(shí)。（陳述語氣）
don‘t be late next time.下次別遲到。（祈使語氣）
if i were you，i would not go.我要是你，我就不會(huì)去。（虛擬語氣）i wish i had a lot of money.要是我有很多很多錢就好了。（虛擬語氣）2第一類
虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法：
條件句有真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表示的假設(shè)是有可能發(fā)生的，此時(shí)主句不用虛擬語氣；而虛擬條件句則表示一種假想，與事實(shí)相反或不大可能會(huì)發(fā)生，此時(shí)用虛擬語氣。如： if i have time，i will go.假若我有時(shí)間，我就去。（陳述語氣）
if i were you，i would go.假若我是你，我就去。（虛擬語氣）
條件句的謂語時(shí)態(tài)類型 主句謂語形式 例句 形式
i were you, i should 動(dòng)詞過去式 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)would/should/could/might+ v原study 相反 形 2.i would certainly go if *be 多用were i had time. you had taken my
advice, you would not have 動(dòng)詞過去完成would/should/could/might + failed in the test.式 have done i had left a little had done earlier, i would have caught the train.與過去事實(shí)相反
you came tomorrow, we ①動(dòng)詞過去式 would have the meeting.① 與將來事實(shí)would/should/could/might + v②should +v it were to rain 相反 原形 原 tomorrow, the meeting ③were + to do would be put off.③
*規(guī)律總結(jié)：從句都往過去推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，如：與現(xiàn)在相反的if從句就用過去時(shí)；與過去相反用過去完成時(shí)（即過去的過去）
注：特別說明
1、l would/should/could/might主句謂語中的should主要用于第一人稱后；would表示結(jié)果還表示過去經(jīng)常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性。比較：
if you tried again，you would succeed.要是你再試一試，你就會(huì)成功的。(would表結(jié)果)if you tried again，you might succeed.要是你再試一試，你可能會(huì)成功的。(might表可能)if you tried again，you could succeed.要是你再試一試，你就能成功了。(could表能力)
2、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句 即條件從句與主句所指時(shí)間不一致，如從句指過去，而主句即指的是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，此時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)具體的語境情況，結(jié)合上面提到的三種基本類型對時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整：
if it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now.要是昨晚下過雨的話，現(xiàn)在地面就會(huì)是濕的。
you would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你當(dāng)時(shí)聽我的話，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好多了。
3、if虛擬條件句的否定（含蓄條件句）?？純蓚€(gè)句型：if it weren’t for?和if it hadn’t been for?，其意為“若不是(有)” “要不是”。如：
if it weren’t for water, no plant could grow.要是沒有水植物就無法生長。
if it hadn’t been for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=but for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=without your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.如果沒有你的幫助，我們不會(huì)成功的。
4、if虛擬條件句的倒裝形式，即把were, had, should置于句首。例：
were i in school again(= if i were in school again), i would work harder.如果我能再上一次學(xué)，我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)得更努力。
had you asked me, i would have told you.(=if you had asked me,?)如果你問我，我會(huì)告訴你。
3第二類
使用虛擬語氣的常見結(jié)構(gòu)或從句：
1.*wish與hope接賓語從句的區(qū)別在于：hope表示一般可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，賓語從句用陳述語氣。wish表示很難或不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望,賓語從句用虛擬語氣。試比較：
（1）we hope they will come.(we don’t know if they can come.)
（2）we wish they could come.(we know they are not coming.)我們希望他們能來。
only 與 i wish一樣，也用于表示與事實(shí)相反的愿望，其后所虛擬語氣的時(shí)態(tài)與 wish后所接時(shí)態(tài)的情況相同：
if only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。
if only i had listened to my parents!我要是當(dāng)時(shí)聽了父母的話就好了。
if only she would go with me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
*if only 通常獨(dú)立使用，沒有主句。
rather后句子用虛擬語氣 只分現(xiàn)在和過去
在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的that從句中, 句子謂語習(xí)慣上要用虛擬語氣，表示“寧愿做什么”，具體用法為：
① 一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?/p>
i’d rather you went tomorrow(now).我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。
② 用過去完成時(shí)表過去的愿望
i’d rather you hadn’t said it.我真希望你沒有這樣說過。
if(though)從句用虛擬語氣
以as if(as though)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句，有時(shí)用虛擬語氣,則與wish用法相同，例： he acts as if he knew me.他顯得認(rèn)識我似的。
they treat me as though i were a stranger.他們待我如陌生人。
he talks as if he had been abroad.他說起話來好像曾經(jīng)出過國。
注：兩點(diǎn)說明
(1)從句所表示的內(nèi)容若為事實(shí)或可能為事實(shí)，也可用陳述語氣：
it looks as if we’ll be late.我們似乎要遲到了。
(2)注意 it isn’t as if?的翻譯：
it isn’t as if he were poor.他不像窮的樣子(或他又不窮)。
4第三類
從句中should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略
1.在 lest，for fear that(以免),in case(以防)引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
she walked quietly lest she(should)wake up her roommates.她走得很輕以免吵醒她的室友。
2.表應(yīng)當(dāng)做 值得做 一類動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句
建議advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command請求ask, demand, require, request指示direct督促urge提議move, vote希望desire堅(jiān)持insist打算intend安排arrange 例如：
i insisted that he(should)stay.我堅(jiān)持要他留下。
he urged that they go to europe.他督促他們到歐洲去。
he suggested that we shouldleave early.他建議我們早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。
he ordered that it(should)be sent back.他命令把它送回去。
i ask that he leave.我要求他走開。
he requires that i(should)appear.他要求我出場。
i move that we accept the proposal.我提議通過這項(xiàng)提案。
he arranged that i should go abroad.他安排我去國外。
she desires that he do it.她希望他做此事。
the general directed that the prisoners should be set free.將軍指示釋放那些俘虜。*suggest表“暗示”insist表“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”不用虛擬語氣
比較：
he insisted that ihad read his letter.他堅(jiān)持說我看過他的信。
he insisted that i should read his letter.他堅(jiān)持要我看他的信。
he suggested that we(should)stay for dinner.他建議我們留下吃飯。
i suggested that you had a secret understanding with him.我覺得你與他心照不宣。
,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名詞后的表語從句或同位語從句 our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go． 我們的建議是你應(yīng)該第一個(gè)去。
4.*advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, order
l “it is(was)+ 緊急 重要--帶感情色彩
上述demand/suggest等動(dòng)詞過去分詞 或
important,natural,strange ,necessary，surprised, appropriate等形容詞 后的主語從句
is ordered that the army(should)get there by 4 is necessary that she(should)be sent there at once.注：*it is necessary，important，strange，natural，advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(絕對必要), impossible, improper,obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc.；it is a pity；it is requested/suggested/desired/proposed
第四類
it’s time后的從句用虛擬語氣從句謂語通常用過去式表示(早)該干某事了
*有時(shí)也用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或“should+動(dòng)詞原形”(較少見，且should不能省略)
’s time we went [were going, should go].我們該走了。
it’s time i was in bed.我該上床睡了。(不用were)
it's time = it is(the very/high/right/about)time
第五類
表示祝愿話語中也可以用虛擬語氣。
may godbless you.愿上帝保佑你。
may you enjoy many years of health and happiness.祝您健康長壽美滿幸福。
第六類
在少數(shù)句型中，謂語用虛擬語氣。
1）有that引導(dǎo)的句子（表示愿望或沮喪情緒）that the rain would stop.但愿雨能停下來。
2）由would that引導(dǎo)的句子（表示但愿）would that he wear gone.但愿他已走掉。
3）由to think引導(dǎo)的句子（表示沒想到）to think that i trusted him.沒想到我竟然信了他。5 wish和as if
1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望
構(gòu)成：主語 + wish(that)+ 從句主語 + 動(dòng)詞過去式（be 一律用were）
例如：i wish i knew everything in the world.我希望我知道世界上所有的事。
i wish that the experiment were a success.我希望這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是成功的。
we wish we had wings.我們希望有翅膀。
2.表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望
構(gòu)成：主語 + wish(that)+ 從句主語 + would/could + have + 過去分詞或had + 過去分詞 例如：i wish that you had called yesterday.我希望你昨天來過。
i wish that i could have gone with you last night.我希望我昨晚能和你一起去。
i didn’t go to the party, but i do wish i had been there.我沒有去參加晚會(huì)，但是我真的希望我去過那里。
3.表示將來不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
構(gòu)成：主語 + wish(that)+ 從句主語 + would/should/could/might + 原形動(dòng)詞
例如：i wish that he could try again.我希望他能再次嘗試。
i wish that someday i should live on the wish that they would come if 引出的虛擬。
as if?.表好像??我們經(jīng)常會(huì)利用一下句型來表達(dá)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的虛擬狀態(tài)：it is as if??。(就好象是??)
as if + 從句，主句。（好像?? sb.+ do?）表達(dá)一種假設(shè)的條件。而 as if 之后的假設(shè)內(nèi)容的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和wish虛擬的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣。
l.33 a day to remember 中原句，“as if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives.” 就利用了和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)虛擬。北京新東方名師指出，要善于總結(jié)出一些學(xué)習(xí)語法的技巧，如利用對比，舉例等方法進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。
注：something is to happened，i'm to face it。
6注意事項(xiàng)
使用虛擬條件句時(shí)要注意的幾點(diǎn)：
1．當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如：
if you had followed my advice just now, you would be better you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years’ time.2．if 省略句在條件句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首 , 變?yōu)榈寡b句式。如： if i were at school again, i would study harder.→ were i at school again, i would study you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→ had you come earlier, you would catch the it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→ should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的條件句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。如：我們可以說：were it not for the expense, i would go abroad now.但不能說：weren't it for the expense, i would go abroad now.3．用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。常用的介詞有with, without, but for。如：
what would you do with a million dollars?(= if you had a million dollars)
we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(= if we hadn't got your help)
but for the rain(= if it hadn't been for the rain), we would have finished the work.4．含蓄條件句
有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過其他手段來代替條件句。
i was ill that ise, i would have taken part in the sports meet.(副詞)he telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or i would have known nothing about it.(連詞)
a man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days.（定語從句）i might have given you more help, but i was too busy.(連詞)
everything taken into consideration, they would have raiser their output quickly.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))
混合型與含蓄型虛擬語氣
1?；旌闲吞摂M語氣：
當(dāng)虛擬條件從句與結(jié)果主語所表達(dá)的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“混合條件句”，這種虛擬語氣被稱為“混合型虛擬語氣”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表達(dá)的時(shí)間作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。如：
if you had followedthe doctor's advice ,he would be all right now.(條件從句表達(dá)的時(shí)間是過去，因此用had+過去分詞；主句表示的時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在，因此用would+動(dòng)詞原形)
2.含蓄型虛擬語氣：
有時(shí)候，虛擬條件不是通過if引導(dǎo)的條件句來表示，而是暗含在上下文中
（1）.用but for、without(如果沒有）等來代替條件從句，如
without electricity human life would be quite different=if there were no electricity ,human life would be quite different
(2)用otherwise、or(or else),even though等表示與上文的情況相反，從而引出虛擬語氣。如： i lost your ise,i would have visited you long before.=i lost your i hadn't lost your address ,i would have visited you long before.(3)虛擬條件通過but暗示出來。如：
he would have given you more help,but he was too busy
他本來會(huì)給你更多的幫助，但是他太忙了。也就是說，如果那時(shí)他不忙，他可以給你更多的幫助。句中but he was too busy實(shí)際上暗示了一個(gè)虛擬條件——如果那時(shí)他不忙
he would lose weight,but he eats too much
他本來可以減肥的，但是他吃的太多了。也就是說，如果他吃得不多的話，他是可以減肥的。句中的but he eats too much實(shí)際上暗示了一個(gè)虛擬條件——如果他吃得不多
英語選修虛擬語氣句型 選修虛擬語氣篇二
英語作文常用句式
一、引出開頭
1：it is well-known to us that……（我們都知道……）==as far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…）
2：recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus.== nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……問題引起了關(guān)注）
3：nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（現(xiàn)今，人口過剩已成為我們不得不面對的問題）
4：internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已在我們的生活扮演著越來越重要的角色，它給我們帶來了許多好處但也產(chǎn)生了一些嚴(yán)重的問題）
5：with the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……
（隨著科技的迅速發(fā)展，越來越多的人認(rèn)為……）
6：it is a common belief that……==it is commonly believed that……（人們一般認(rèn)為……）
7：a lot of people seem to think that……
（很多人似乎認(rèn)為……）8: it is universally acknowledged that + 句子
（全世界都知道...）
is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.人類正面臨著一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題……，這個(gè)問題變得越來越嚴(yán)重。
10.______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.…已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當(dāng)中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。11.______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.…在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時(shí)也引發(fā)一些嚴(yán)重的問題。
ing to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ sly，______，but why? 根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢？
present/nowadays, one phenomenon calls for/deserves people’s attention is that: …
目前，一種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的注意：…
controversial issue often brought into public focus is that:…
一種經(jīng)常引起公眾爭議的問題是：
phenomenon of____ has given rise to a heated discussion.一種…的現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常引起人們的熱烈討論.二、表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn)
's views on……vary from person to hold that……h(huán)owever, others believe that……
（人們對……的觀點(diǎn)因人而異，有些人認(rèn)為……然而其他人卻認(rèn)為……） may have different opinions on……（人們對……可能會(huì)持有不同見解）des towards（drugs）vary from person to person.==different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）
（人們對待吸毒的態(tài)度因人而異） are different opinions among people as to……（對于……人們的觀點(diǎn)大不相同）
5.關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)。一些人認(rèn)為……
there are different opinions among people as to people suggest that ____.6.俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。
there is an old ’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.7.現(xiàn)在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily , ____ second, makes things worse is that______.8.現(xiàn)在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因?yàn)椤?，另外（而且）……?/p>
nowadays，it is common to people like ______ because s，______.9.任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.10.關(guān)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同，一些人認(rèn)為（說）……，在他們看來，…… people’s opinions about ______ vary from person to people say that them, _____.三． 提出自己的觀點(diǎn)
1.至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為……
as far as i am concerned, i agree with the latter opinion to some extent.i think that ____.2.但是，……和……都有它們各自的優(yōu)勢（好處）。例如，……，而……。然而，把這兩者相比較，我更傾向于（喜歡）……
but ______and ______have their own example, _____, ing this with that, however, i prefer to______.3.就我個(gè)人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅(jiān)信美好的未來正等著我們。因?yàn)椤? personally, i believe uently, i’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.4.至于我（對我來說，就我而言），我認(rèn)為……更合理。只有這樣，我們才能…… for my part, i think it reasonable in this way can you _____.5.對我來說，我認(rèn)為有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同樣重要的是……
in my opinion, i think it necessary reasons are as but not least,______.6.在總體上很難說……是好還是壞，因?yàn)樗诤艽蟪潭壬先Q于……的形勢。然而，就我個(gè)人而言，我發(fā)現(xiàn)……。
it is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation r, from a personal point of view find______.四．中間段落句
1.相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認(rèn)為……。
on the contrary，there are some people in favor of the same time，they say____.2.但是，我認(rèn)為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
but i don’t think it is a very good way to solve example， of all，___.3.……對我們國家的發(fā)展和建設(shè)是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country’s development and ，’s more, important of all,______.4.有幾個(gè)可供我們采納的方法。首先，我們可以……。
there are several measures for us to , we can______
5.面臨……，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方面……，另一方面，confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to one thing，______for another，______
6.早就應(yīng)該拿出行動(dòng)了。比如說……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定會(huì)……。
it is high time that something was done about these measures will certainly______.7.為什么……？第一個(gè)原因是……；第二個(gè)原因是……；第三個(gè)原因是……?？偟膩碚f，……的主要原因是由于……
why______? the first reason is that second reason is third is all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好壞兩個(gè)方面一樣，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
however, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.9.盡管如此，我相信……更有利。
nonetheless, i believe that ______is more advantageous.10.完全同意……這種觀點(diǎn)（陳述），主要理由如下：
i fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.五、表示結(jié)尾
short, it can be said that……（總之，他的意思是……）
what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（從上面提到的，我們可以得出結(jié)論……）
all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的這些因素加以考慮，我們自然可以得出結(jié)論……）/therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我們最好的出這樣的結(jié)論……）
is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫無疑問，跳槽有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)）
in all, we cannot live without……, but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（總之，我們沒有……無法生活，但同時(shí)我們必須尋求新的解決辦法來面對可能出現(xiàn)的新問題）
7.總而言之，整個(gè)社會(huì)應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個(gè)問題。只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。
in a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of in this way can ______in the future.8.隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每個(gè)人都愿為社會(huì)貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量，這個(gè)社會(huì)將要變得越來越好。
with the development of society, it’s urgent and necessary to every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.9.綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結(jié)論……
from what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.10.如果我們不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了這種趨勢，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我們應(yīng)該做的是……
if we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.六、提出建議
1：it is high time that we put an end to the(trend).（該是我們停止這一趨勢的時(shí)候了）
2：there is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫無疑問，對……問題應(yīng)予以足夠重視）
3：obviously, if we want to do something … it is essential that……（顯然，如果我們想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：only in this way can we ……（只有這樣，我們才能……）5：spare no effort to + v
（不遺余力的）
七、預(yù)示后果 1：obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明顯，如果我們不能控制這一問題，很有可能我們會(huì)陷入危險(xiǎn)）2：no doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫無疑問，除非我們采取有效措施，否則我們很可能會(huì)……）3：it is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很緊迫的是應(yīng)立即采取措施阻止這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展）
八、表示論證 1：from my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看來，支持第一種觀點(diǎn)比第二種更有道理)2：i cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我無法完全同意這一觀點(diǎn)）3：as far as i am concerned/in my opinion,……（就我來說……）4：i sincerely believe that……==i am greatly convinced(that)從句.（我真誠地相信……）
5：finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地說，還有另外一個(gè)實(shí)際的原因……）
九、給出原因
1：the reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）
2: this phenomenon exists for a number of ,…….second,…….third，……。
這一現(xiàn)象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……
3：for one thing,…… for another thing，…… ==on the one hand,……on the other hand……一方面……另一方面……
4：i quite agree with the statement that……the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分贊同這一論述，即……。其主要原因如下。
十、列出解決辦法和批判錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)做法
1：the best way to solve the troubles is……解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是…… 2：as far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，…… 3;it is obvious that……
很顯然……
4：it may be true that……but it doesn't mean that…… 可能……是對的，但這并不意味著……
5;it is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that…… 認(rèn)為……是自然的，但我們不應(yīng)忽視……
6：there is no evidence to suggest that……沒有證據(jù)表明……
十一、表示好處和壞處
1：it has the following advantages.它有如下優(yōu)勢: 2：it is beneficial/harmful to us.==it is of great benefit/harm to us.它對我們有益處 3: it has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之處
十二、表示重要、方便、可能
1：it is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.對于某人做……是……
2：it plays an important role in our life.十三、采取措施
1：we should take some effective measures.我們應(yīng)該采取有效措施 2：we should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力去克服困難
3：we should do our utmost in doing sth.我們應(yīng)該盡力去做……
4：we should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我們應(yīng)該解決我們面臨的困難
十四、顯示變化
1：some changes have taken place in the past five years.過去五年發(fā)生了很多變化 2：great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在國際交流中理所當(dāng)然會(huì)發(fā)生很多大的變化
3：it has increased/decreased from…to…他已經(jīng)從…增加/減少到… 4：the output of july in this factory increased by 15%.這個(gè)工廠7月份產(chǎn)量以增加了15%
十五、表明事實(shí)現(xiàn)狀
1;we cannot ignore the fact that……我們不能忽略這個(gè)事實(shí)…… 2：no one can deny the fact that……沒人能否認(rèn)這個(gè)事實(shí)…… 3：this is a phenomenon that many people are interested in… 4: be closely related to …
（與...息息相關(guān)）
十六、進(jìn)行比較
1：compared with a,b……
與a比較，b…… 2;i prefer to read rather than watch tv.十七、常用英語諺語
1：actions speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯 2：all is not gold that glitters.發(fā)光的未必都是金子 3：all roads lead to rome.條條大路通羅馬
4：a good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半 5：every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊 6：a miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里 7：failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母 8: industry is the parent of success.勤奮是成功之母 9: it is never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老 10: knowledge is power.知識就是力量
11: nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上無難事，只怕有心人
提綱式作文寫作模板
1、對立觀點(diǎn)式
a.有人認(rèn)為x 是好事，贊成x，為什么？
b.有人認(rèn)為x 是壞事，反對x，為什么？
c.我的看法。
some people are in favor of the idea of doing point out the fact that 支持x 的第一個(gè)原因。they also argue that 支持x 的另一個(gè)原因。however, other people stand on a different consider it harmful to do firmly point out that 反對x 的第一個(gè)理由。an example can give the details of this argument: there is some truth in both i think the advantages of x overweigh the addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, x also may x 的有一個(gè)壞處。
2、批駁觀點(diǎn)式
a．一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。
b．我不同意。many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。by saying that, they mean 對這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。an example they have presented is that 一個(gè)例子。(according to a survey performed by x on a group of y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響)。there might be some element of truth in these people's if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。there are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。
3、社會(huì)問題(現(xiàn)象)式
a．一個(gè)社會(huì)問題或者現(xiàn)象
b．產(chǎn)生的原因
c．對社會(huì)和我們生活的影響
d．如何杜絕。(如果是問題的話)
e．前景的預(yù)測。
nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(x has increasingly become a common concern of the public).according to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。(或者是一個(gè)例子)。there are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。x has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。a dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent x from bringing us more harm.同上based on the above discussions, i can easily forecast that more and more people will……
辯論式議論文模版
（一）some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that
other people take an opposite firmly believe that
for me, i agree to the former/latter are a dozen of reasons behind my of all， importantly， important of all， summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。as a college student, i am supposed to 表決心?；騠rom above, we can predict that 預(yù)測。
辯論式議論文模版
（二）people hold different views about people are of the opinion that
others point out that
far as i am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more one thing， another， but not the least， conclude, a college student, i am supposed to 表決心。或from above, we can predict that 預(yù)測。
辯論式議論文模版
（三）there is no consensus of opinions among people about x(爭論的焦點(diǎn))。some people are of the view that
others take an opposite side, firmly believing that
far as i am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many reasons are of all，rmore， all of the supporting evidences, one is the is, 論據(jù)3.a natural conclusion from the above discussion is that 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。as a college student, i am supposed to 表決心?；?from above, we can predict that 預(yù)測。
虛擬語氣（subjunctive mood）
虛擬語氣（subjunctive mood）這一語法項(xiàng)目是各類英語考試中心測試的重點(diǎn)之一。虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，用來表示說話人所說的話并不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測。判斷是真實(shí)條件句還是非真實(shí)條件句。只有在非真實(shí)條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思，看假設(shè)的條件是否能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)是真實(shí)條件句，不能使用虛擬語氣；假設(shè)的條件不能實(shí)現(xiàn)則是非真實(shí)條件句，要用虛擬語氣。判斷這個(gè)假設(shè)是與哪個(gè)事實(shí)相反。通常有三種情況：①與過去事實(shí)相反。②與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。③與將來事實(shí)可能相反。一．if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中
1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語動(dòng)詞）動(dòng)詞的過去式(be用were而不用was)
（主句謂語動(dòng)詞）
should/ would /could/ might+動(dòng)詞原形 與過去事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語動(dòng)詞）had + 過去分詞
（主句謂語動(dòng)詞）should/ would/could/might + have+過去分詞 與將來事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語動(dòng)詞）+動(dòng)詞原形 2.動(dòng)詞過去式
to+動(dòng)詞原形
（主句謂語動(dòng)詞）should/ would/ could/ might +動(dòng)詞原形
2.省略if 采用倒裝語序的條件句。有時(shí)可以把含有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if省去，而將had，should，were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。if he had worked harder，he would have got through the exams.== had he worked harder，he would have got through the he were to leave today，he would get there by friday.==were he to leave today，he would get there by i were in your place，i wouldn’t do that.==were i in your place，i wouldn’t do that.3.有時(shí)虛擬條件句并沒用if 從句表示出來，而是用介詞短語（otherwise，or，without，but for）、上下文或其它方式來表示。如：we didn’t know his telephone number;otherwise we would have telephoned t you help，i wouldn’t have achieved so for（“要不是。..。..”的意思）your help，i would not have succeeded.二： 虛擬語氣在從句中用should的情況：
1.在表示建議，要求，命令，想法的動(dòng)詞后的從句里，用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 可以省略。如 advise，agree，command，decide，demand，determine，grant，indicate，insist，order，prefer，propose，request，require，stipulate，suggest，urge，vote.常考到的是： suggest，advise，demand，require，propose，insist，order， doctor suggested that he（should）take short leave of author proposed that tv（should）be turned off at least one hour every day.2.在表示建議，要求，命令，想法的名詞后的從句里，用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。如 advice，decision，agreement，command，decree，demand，determination，indication，insistence，order，preference，proposal，request，requirement，stipulation was bill’s suggestion that everyone（should）have a suggestion was that everyone（should）have a gave us a suggestion that everyone（should）have a map.3.在it is/was +形容詞后的that 從句中用should的結(jié)構(gòu)，should 可以省略。這類形容詞常見的有： advisable，anxious，compulsory，crucial，desirable，eager，essential，fitting，imperative（絕對必要），impossible，improper，important，natural，necessary，obligatory，possible，preferable，probable，recommended，urgent，vital ’s natural that she（should）do is essential that we（should）tell her the news.4.在 lest 和 for fear that（以免），in case（以防）從句中用should，should 可以省略。
she walked quietly lest she（should）wake up her your gun ready in case we should need it.三： wish 后的 that 從句中：
1.表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?，從句中過去式。i wish i knew his address.i wish i were young.2.表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句用過去完成式或would，could，might + had + 過去分詞。
i wish you had written to him.3.如果將wish改成wished，其后that 從句中動(dòng)詞的形式不變。
4.如果that 從句中用would，一般表示 對現(xiàn)狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求 i wish he would answer my letter.i wish prices would come down.i wish you would help me.i wish you would stop asking silly questions.四： 在 it’s about/ high/ first（second，third etc）time 后的that 從句中，用過去式。表示“該是做什么的時(shí)候了”
it is about time you were in is high time we is the first time i came here.五： 在if only（“如果。..。就好了”的意思）感嘆句中，謂語動(dòng)詞與wish賓語從句的虛擬形式相同。
if only he didn’t drive so fast?。ìF(xiàn)在）if only she had asked someone’s advice.（過去）if only the rain would stop.（將來）
六： 在as if / as though 從句中，表示和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑，用過去式;表示過去想象中的動(dòng)作或情況，用過去完成式。
he speaks as if he were on the spoke to me as if i were device operated as though it had been repaired.注： 1.在 as if / as though 句中，如果有可能成為事實(shí)，用陳述語氣。he looks as if he is going to be ill.2.在 insist 后的從句中，如果是堅(jiān)持自己，用陳述語氣，堅(jiān)持別人做什么事情，用虛擬語氣。
she insists that she is insisted that i should finish the work at once.
英語選修虛擬語氣句型 選修虛擬語氣篇三
2011——2012年第一學(xué)期期末語法課考試題型
elements(10 points)
read the sentences and analyse the clause elements in each of the letters s,v,o,c and a to represent the various elements:
subject
(s)verb
(v)object
(o)complement
(c)adverbial
(a)
the first sentence is an livingstone | lived | in africa | for more than ten years.s
v
a
a
filling(20 points)fill in the blank with the verb given in the le choice(20 points)there are twenty incomplete sentences in this each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and the one that best completes the your answer in the numbered squares filling(10 points)fill in the blanks in the following short passage, using appropriate articles or other correction(10 points)this is a composition written by a 13-year-old t the grammatical errors in the following the corrected version ation(20 points)ate the following sentences into english.(2 points each)
ate the following sentences into chinese.(3 points each)
ent, question, command, exclamation(10 point)read the following headlines taken from punctuation marks have been left each headline, write in the blank the type of communicative function they serve: statement, question, command or exclamation.
英語選修虛擬語氣句型 選修虛擬語氣篇四
英語（高中）虛擬語氣教案
年級：高三
教師：張勇
2018年1月23日
一、教學(xué)主題：虛擬語氣
二、教學(xué)內(nèi)容：if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句
三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：①掌握if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的一般形式（與現(xiàn)在、過去、將來 事實(shí)相反的情況）
②掌握虛擬語氣中if引導(dǎo)的錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句 ③掌握if省略句的構(gòu)成
虛擬語氣的含義：虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、猜疑、建議與事實(shí)不符的假設(shè)等等，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)。
知識點(diǎn)一：表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況
eg: if i were you, i would take an umbrella.從例句得出相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)：
從句：if+主語+動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were）主句：主語+should/would/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形
知識點(diǎn)二：表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況
eg: if i had got there earlier, i should/would have met her.從例句得出相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)： 從句：if+主語+had+done 主句：主語+should/would/might/could+have done
知識點(diǎn)三：表示與將來事實(shí)相反的情況
從句：①if+主語+should+動(dòng)詞原形
②if+主語+were to+動(dòng)詞原形
③if+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式（be動(dòng)詞用were）
主句：主語+should/would/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形 eg: if he should come here tomorrow, i would talk to she were to be here next monday, i would tell her about the you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.知識點(diǎn)四：
注意：①，錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句
含義：當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的動(dòng)作或行為和主句表示的動(dòng)作或行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。
eg：if you had studied hard before, you would be a college student they had informed us, we would come here now.②，if省略句
在虛擬條件狀語從句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。
eg: if he should come here tomorrow, i would talk to him.變?yōu)椋簊hould he come here tomorrow, i would talk to she were to be here next monday, i would tell her about the matter.變?yōu)椋簑ere she to be here next monday, i would tell her about the you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.變?yōu)椋簑ere you there next month, we would play basketball with you had studied hard before, you would be a college student ce：習(xí)題講練
1, if he should not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the come
come
come
2, if they were to ____ the research next tuesday, i would come with
done
done 3, if she worked hard next month, we would improve her
worked
worked 4, if you had listened to my advice before, you ____ better
be
have been 5, should he not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the come
come
come
6, were they to ____ the research next tuesday, i would come with
done
done 7, had you listened to my advice before, you ____ better
be
have been 3
英語選修虛擬語氣句型 選修虛擬語氣篇五
the subjunctive mood虛擬語氣(必修6)
teaching goals 教學(xué)目標(biāo)
language 目標(biāo)語言
a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語
wish， aggressive, scholar, in the flesh
b.重點(diǎn)句式
i wish...were / did...if...were / did...,...would / could / should / might do...y goals能力目標(biāo)
enable the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different goals 情感目標(biāo)
enable the students to use the subjunctive mood to express their emotion teaching important and difficult points 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
enable the students to use the correct form of the subjunctive ng methods教學(xué)方法
summarizing;comparative method;practicing ng aids教具準(zhǔn)備
a projector and a ng procedures & ways 教學(xué)過程與方式
step ⅰpresentation
at first, give the students an example to present what the subjunctive mood is andin what situations we should use the subjunctive , show them the sentence structures of the subjunctive mood.t: now please listen to the following example: suppose i’m a basketball fan, yao1
ming is coming here to play a basketball game this unfortunately, i haven’t got a ticket for it.i feel sorry about that and what should i say in this situation? iwill say: i wish i watched the basketball game./ if i had got a ticket, i would go to watch the basketball you ever heard such kind of sentences?
ss: use the subjunctive mood.t: then do you know what is the subjunctive mood and in what situations weshould use the subjunctive mood?
s: the subjunctive mood is used when we want to express a wish, request,recommendation or report of a command.s: also, the subjunctive mood is used to express something that is contrary to thefact, highly unlikely or doubtful.t: can we show our feelings in such situations? we can use the following two sentence structures to express our t + wish + object clause
time verb object clause
now： wish would do / could do / were / did
past： wished had been / done
future： wish would do / could do / were / did
2.“if” clause..., main clause...time verb main clause
now： were / did would / could / should / might do
past： had done would / could / should / might have done
future： were / did would / could / should / might do
samples:
fact request subjunctive mood
not getting a ticket(if i got a ticket,)watch the game(i could watch the game.)i wish i watched the basketball having wings(if i had wings,)fly in the sky(i could fly in the sky.)i would flyfreely in the having enough money(if i had enough money,)buy a new computer(i couldbuy a new computer.)i could buy a new ⅱ practice
first, show the students some more raise some questions and askthem to discuss them according to the situations in groups of four, using thesubjunctive last, get them to show their sentences.t: now i’d like to give you some more discuss how to answer thequestions using the subjunctive mood in groups of them on the has been living with aids for many she is celebrating her
birthday with her you were helen, what kind of wishes would you make?
is said that a falling star can let your dreams come you saw a fallingstar, what kind ofwishes would you make?
s a falling star, a magic lamp can also let your dreams come youhad a magic lamp, what would you ask it to do for you?
after discussion
t: all right, now who would like to be volunteers to speak out your wishes?ss: if i were helen, i would ask for living longer / follow the doctors’ advice.(i wish i had a longer life / i followed the doctors’ advice.)
if i saw a falling star, i would promise to have a flourish future./ i would promise
to make my parents happy forever.(i wish i would have a flourish future / make my parents happy forever.)
if i had a magic lamp, i would ask it help the poor / i would ask it to bring peace tothe whole world.(i wish it could help the poor / bring peace to the whole world.)
step ⅲ consolidation
ask the students to do exercises 1 ＆ 2 in discovering useful structures on page 4and exercises 1-4 in using structures on page check the ⅳhomework
write five sentences by using the subjunctive mood
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