whom非限制定語從句 非限制定語從句whom的用法匯總

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whom非限制定語從句 非限制定語從句whom的用法匯總
時間:2023-05-02 17:21:45     小編:zdfb

范文為教學(xué)中作為模范的文章,也常常用來指寫作的模板。常常用于文秘寫作的參考,也可以作為演講材料編寫前的參考。相信許多人會覺得范文很難寫?下面是小編幫大家整理的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。

whom非限制定語從句 非限制定語從句whom的用法篇一

同位語從句例句

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whose既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,亦可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。下面是小編精心整理的whose非限制定語從句,希望能夠幫助到大家。

the boss in whose department mrking worked called at the hospital。金先生工作單位的老板到醫(yī)院來探視。(限制性定語從句)

the boss of the company,whose name was mr little,told the story。公司的老板叫利特爾,他講述了這個故事。(非限制性定語從句)

由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的雙重功能,故在指人時可用of whom代替whose,指物時可用of which代替whose。

this kind of book is for childrenwhose native language(=the native language of whom)is chinese。這種書是給母語是漢語的兒童看的。

mr brown has written a novelwhose name(=the name of which)i‘vecompletely forgotten。布朗先生寫了部小說,其書名我完全忘了。

i live in a room whose window(=the window of which)opens to the south。我住在一間窗戶朝南開的屋子里。

按英語習(xí)慣用法,下列情況中的whose和of whom或ofwhich切不可混用:

1、凡是ofwhom或of which同數(shù)詞或代詞(如some,many,little等)連用表示部分與整體關(guān)系時,通常不可用 whose。

there are 45 students in ourclass,35of whom are league members。我們班有45名學(xué)生,其中35名是團(tuán)員。

mr white wrote many articles,some of which were translated into chinese。懷特先生寫了不少文章,其中一些譯成了中文。

2、凡是of whom或of which修飾定語從句中的主語,是表示同位關(guān)系的代詞both,all等時,切不可用whose。

i have two sons,both of whom serve in the army。我有兩個兒子,都在部隊服役。

he has some novels,all of which are written in russian。他有一些小說,都是用俄文寫的。

一、非限制性定語從句不能用that引導(dǎo)。如:

1. i like the book, which was bought yesterday.我喜歡這本書,這是昨買的。

2. i like the book which/that was bought yesterday.我喜歡昨天買的那本書。

二、非限制性定語從句不能用why引導(dǎo)。要用for which代替why.如:

1. i had told them the reason, for which i didn’t attend the meeting.

我把理由告訴了他們,為此我不用去開會。

2. i had told them the reason why/for which i didn’t attend the meeting.

我告訴了他們我不去開會的理由。(限制性定語從句“the reason why…”是常見搭配。)

三、非限制性定語從句置于主句前時,不能用which引導(dǎo);關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句位置比較靈活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。如:

1. as i expected, he didn’t believe me.正如我所預(yù)料的,他不相信我。

2. she heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.

她聽到一個可怕的聲音,這讓她把心都提到嗓子眼了。

四、非限制性定語從句由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)時,其中的關(guān)系代詞不能用as,如:

1. he bought the car for more than $20000, with which his father was angry.

他花2萬多美元買了這輛車,他父親對此很生氣。

2. i finished my work ahead of time, after which i sat some time reading the newspaper.

我提前完成了我的活,隨后我坐著看了一會兒報紙。

五、非限制性定語從句中指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時,只能用賓格whom, 不能用who替換,也不能省略。如:

1. do you know tom, whom we talked about? 你認(rèn)識湯姆嗎?我們談到過他。

2. this book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need.

這本書會給你提供所有你需要的資料,它在任何一家書店都能買到。(非限制性定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語,無論指人,指事物都不能省略)

which和where都是聯(lián)系詞,但是which是連系代詞,where是連系副詞.也就是說,which在后面的定語從句中是要做主語或者是賓語的,而where則不能做主語或賓語,記住,是不能.

舉例說明it is a good place ,which is the center of our country

這里的which在后面的定語從句中做is的主語,所以如果這里用where的話,它不能做定語從句的主語,這樣一來,定語從句中就缺少了主語,這個句子就不成立了

再舉例it is a good place ,where i spend my childhood

這里選where是因為,后面的定語從句中,已經(jīng)不缺主語和賓語了,所以不能用which.

除了關(guān)系代詞that外,所有的關(guān)系詞都可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,舉例如下:

last night,i saw a very good film,which was about the long march.昨晚我看了一部非常好的電影,那是關(guān)于長征的.

this letter is from my sister,who is working at a factory now.這封信是我姐姐寄來的,他現(xiàn)在在一家工廠上班.

i paid a visit to compony last month,where my brother are working.上個月我參觀了一家公司,我哥哥在那里工作.

my grandpa's childhood is bitter,when he lived a hard life.我祖父的童年是辛酸的,那時候他過著十分艱難的日子.

說到非限定性定語從句的講解,還要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就是該從句的作用是什么。其實它在句子中是一個獨立的成分,不會受到主句的'限制,把從句去掉之后,主句仍然是成立的。這也是為什么它會叫做非限定性定語從句。其次,大家要了解該從句的形式:非限制性定語從句與先行詞以及主句之間的關(guān)系不甚緊密,因而通常要用逗號與主句分隔開。例如:

have you seen the film titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?

你看過“泰坦尼克號”這部電影嗎?它的男主演可是世界聞名的。

my friend, who has served on the international olympic committee all his life, is retiring next month.

我有位朋友,他一輩子服務(wù)于國際奧林匹克委員會,下個月就要退休了。

在非限制性定語從句也分成不同的種類,在不同情況下,該從句的使用方法也是不一樣的,在考試中經(jīng)常會考察大家對于該從句不同類型的運用。如果大家不能很好的掌握這些用法,在考試的時候就一定會丟分了,下面就是關(guān)于該從句不同類型的介紹:

(1) who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

our guide,who was a french canadian,was an excellent cook.我們的向?qū)?,一個法裔加拿大人,擅長于烹調(diào)。

my gardener,who is very pessimistic,says that there will be no apples this year.我家的園丁非常悲觀,他說今年將不結(jié)蘋果。

(2) whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

關(guān)系代詞whom用于指人,在句中作動詞賓語和介詞賓語,作介詞賓語時,介詞可位于句末。如:

peter, whom you met in london, is now back in paris.彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了,你在倫敦見過他。

mr smith,from whom i have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科學(xué)家,我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西。

(3) whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

whose是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式,在從句中作定語。whose通常指人,也可指動物或無生命的事物。如:

the boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力,他的父親是位工程師。

above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在樹林的高處是山,其壯麗的景色完全映照在河面上。the play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.這劇本是那個時期的典型作品,風(fēng)格拘謹(jǐn)刻板。

(4) which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語、其他從句或整個主句,在從句中作主語、動詞賓語、介詞賓語或表語。

① which指代主句中的名詞,被指代的名詞包括表示物、嬰兒或動物的名詞、表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞以及表示職業(yè)、品格等的名詞。如:

these apple trees,which i planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.這些蘋果樹是我三年前栽的,還沒有結(jié)過果實。

she is an artist,which i am not.她是一位藝術(shù)家,而我不是。

water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一種清澈的液體,有許多用途。

the two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.那兩個警察完全受到信任,事實上,也真是如此。

② which指代主句中的形容詞。如:

she was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.她對孩子們很耐心,她丈夫卻很少這樣。

she is always careless,which we should not be. 她總是馬虎大意,我們可不應(yīng)該這樣。

③ which指代主句中的某個從句。如:

he said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.他說以前從沒見過她,這不是真的。

④ which指代整個主句。如:

in the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有點緊張,這是可以理解的。

he may have acute appendicitis,in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲腸炎,如果是這樣,他就得動手術(shù)。

when deeply absorbed in work,which he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他經(jīng)常聚精會神地工作,這時他會廢寢忘食。

(5) when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語從句中作時間狀語,指代主句中表示時間的詞語。如:

he will put off the picnic until may 1st, when he will be free.他將把郊游推遲到5月1號,那時他將有空。

(6) where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點狀語,指代主句中表示地點的詞語。如:

they went to london,where they lived for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗?,在那兒呆了六個月的時間。

they reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他們昨天抵達(dá)那里, 有一個關(guān)于銷售的談判在那兒舉行。

(7) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

as引出非限定性定語從句時,代替整個主句,對其進(jìn)行說明但通常用于像as we allaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,且引出的從句位置比較靈活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中間。通常均由逗號將其與主句隔開。as有“正如……, 就像……”之意。 如:

as it known to the united states, mark twain is a great american writer.美國人都知道,馬克.吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。(as在從句中作主語)

he forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了帶筆,這是常事。(as在從句中作主語)

he is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神貫注地工作,他過去經(jīng)常這樣。(as在從句中作表語)

boy as he was, he was chosen king. 他雖是孩子,卻被選為國王。(as在從句中作表語)

as we all know, the earth is round.眾所周知,地球是圓的。 (as在從句中作賓語)

the two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.兩兄弟對此決定都滿意,這項決定在事前都已得到他們的同意。(as在從句中作主語)

taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of china.你知道,臺灣是中國不可分割的一部分。(as在從句中作賓語)

(8)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 在介詞后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系代詞which有時并不代表主句中某一確定的詞,而是概括整個主句的意思。介詞的選擇取決于它與先行詞的搭配或與從句中謂語動詞的搭配。

they were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines,without which the yield would be halved. 他們?nèi)贝钇咸鸭艿臈U兒,沒有它們產(chǎn)量會減少一半。

they thanked tom,without whose support they would not have succeeded.這些鄰居是北京來的,昨天我被介紹同他們認(rèn)識了。

(9)“名詞/代詞+of+which / whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

it now has 20,000 hectares of land,more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation. 現(xiàn)在它擁有兩萬公頃土地,其中三分之二之多已經(jīng)耕種。

light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometethere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大廳里有三十把椅子,絕大部分是新的。

he textile mill has over 8,000 workers and staff,eighty per cent of whom are women. 這家紡織廠有8千多職工,女職工占百分之八十。

通過對該從句的講解,大家可以看出,它的種類真的是非常多,不同的詞語引導(dǎo)的從句用法都是不同的,大家要學(xué)會區(qū)分不同用法所表示的含義。雖然該從句在選擇題中考察的非常多,但是大家在閱讀題中也會看見這樣的從句,所以說,大家學(xué)習(xí)語法知識并不只是為了語法的題目,它對于大家整個英語水平的提升都是非常有幫助的。除此之外大家還要注意一些非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況:

1.非限制性定語從句不可用that引導(dǎo), 在非限制性定語從句中用who(作主語) / whom(作賓語)指人,用which(作主語 / 賓語)指物, 用whose作定語(指人 / 物)。例如:

the famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

這位試圖打反擊的著名籃球明星吸引了眾人的關(guān)注。

the film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.

這部電影很有教育意義, 它的導(dǎo)演是位老人。

2.關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可省略,若指人時,只用whom,不用who。例如:

york, which i visited last year, is a nice old city.

我去年訪問過的約克是個古老而美麗的城市。

please give the book to jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.

請把這本書交給杰西卡,就是剛才我們在大廳里遇到的那位。

3.非限制性定語從句不可用why引導(dǎo), 需用for which替代why。例如:

none of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.

我們沒有一個人接受他所解釋的缺席的理由。

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