人的記憶力會隨著歲月的流逝而衰退，寫作可以彌補(bǔ)記憶的不足，將曾經(jīng)的人生經(jīng)歷和感悟記錄下來，也便于保存一份美好的回憶。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們怎樣才能寫好一篇范文呢？下面我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)秀范文，希望能夠幫助到大家，我們一起來看一看吧。
專四閱讀理解真題及答案解析 專四閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練篇一
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what comes to mind when you hear the word--spanersity? issues of race or gender mayspring to rights? or minority issues?
i encourage people to look at a much wider definition of the word.1 would tend to sayspanersity is “differentness” in any form.a good example of this kind of spanersity has beenexperienced by every person who ever left behind the comforts of home and moved intouncharted of spanersity are informed not only by your cultural background andcontext，but also by your religion，age，field of work，family situation， personality，andcountless other factors that make us ity affects everyone.
it’s for this reason that spanersity has become such a buzz buzz happens becauseit’s all about how you handle ’s very much like the job a composer has when creating a greatmusical the composer understands what each unique note and dynamic mark iscapable of in combination with the other parts，the result achieved is ,however，none of the parts is communicating with the others，we’re left with a cacophony(刺耳的聲音).
on a personal ’s this understanding and acceptance of “the other” which rests at thecore of r we’re talking about navigating through a multicultural urbanenvironment or uprooting and moving to a new foreign social context，it is necessary to set asiderigid assumptions about “the other” and put oneself in the other’s shoes. so how do we make thisleap? it’s often as simple as asking questions and being careful not to assume that what you see isnecessarily what the other side sees.
often in my workshops i give a magic lesson to the audience to illustrate this principle. i firstpresent the magic and accomplish the "impossible". the participants receive the same props butsimply can’t manage. we look more carefully at the situation and realize that the assumptionsthey made about it actually blocked them from achieving this feat; a feat they suddenly areempowered to do which, moments ago, was impossible.
the goal in being sensitive to spanersity is to cultivate a culture of respect for people’sdifferences and understand that such an environment is beneficial to everyone involved.
spanersity awareness is an evolution. we can’t get there by snapping our fingers, and it isn’t amatter of training people to have textbook politically correct attitudes. instead it’s a case oflooking at the big picture of how we see the world, understanding why we see it that way, andthen making sure we do our part to genuinely value difference and benefit from it.
1. according to the author, spanersity is
a. confusing.
b. extraordinary.
c. quite common.
d. universal.
2. "it" in paragraph three refers to
a. spanersity.
b. the buzz.
c. how to handle spanersity.
d. the formation of spanersity.
3. the author believes that
a. to handle spanersity one should put himself in others’ shoes.
b. when you are in a foreign environment, do as the romans do.
c. spanersity can hardly be defined.
d. spanersity derives from cultural difference.
4. the example of a magic lesson is to show
a. everyone can do magic.
b. magic is nothing but a feat.
c. what blocks people from handling spanersity.
d. it is possible to achieve anything.
5. how to raise spanersity awareness according to the author?
a. by living in an unfamiliar environment.
b. by having politically correct attitudes.
c. by being sensitive to everything one experiences.
d. by understanding people’s differences.
本文圍繞“差異性”這一名詞展開論述。第1段以一個問句開頭由“差異性”一詞你會想到什么，引發(fā)讀者的思考;第2段對“差異性”進(jìn)行定義，指出了差異的廣泛性與普遍性;第3段以作曲家的創(chuàng)作形象說明差異是如何產(chǎn)生的：第4-5段闡明解決“差異性”的核心并以魔術(shù)表演為例對這一核心進(jìn)行說明;最后兩段講到了感受差異
1.[d]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第2段有對該詞的定義，從any form，every person，not only…but als0等這些詞可推斷“差異性”具有普遍性，故選d。c為強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)，common偏指普通的，常見的，注意這里更強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“差異性”的普遍性。
2.[c]代詞指代題?？疾閕t所指代的對象。查找到it所在的句子，前句指出“差異性之所以時髦是因?yàn)樗Q于你如何對待它”，然后就指出“這就好 像作曲家在創(chuàng)作一首偉大的樂曲一樣”，故it在此指代的就是如何對待差異性的問題，故選c。d有一定的干擾性，但差異性的形成并沒有在it前面提到，故排除。
3.[a]觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第4段倒數(shù)第3句可知a正確，該段還提到搬遷到一個陌生的社會環(huán)境必須拋棄對他人的固執(zhí)想法，b與原文表述不符;第2段首句就有對”差異性“的定義。故c錯誤;第2段提到“差異性問題不僅體現(xiàn)于你的文化背景，還體現(xiàn)于……”，d表述過于片面，故排除。
4.[c]例證細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)magic lesson定位到第5段。該例子表明觀眾從“不會”到“會”魔術(shù)這門技藝，說明是他們原先的臆想阻礙了他們對這種技藝的掌握，進(jìn)而說明是什么阻礙了人們正確對待文化差異，故選c。a“每個人都能玩魔術(shù)”和b“魔術(shù)只不過是一門技藝”不是例證要說明的問題，故排除。
5.[d]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。 根據(jù)spanersi awareness定位到最后一段。該段最后一句表明，差異性意識的提升就應(yīng)從我們?nèi)绾斡^察世界這個大問題著眼，理解我們?yōu)槭裁茨菢涌创町?，并切?shí)保證我們能真正重視事物的差異，故選d。由該段第2句可知b錯誤;到了不熟悉的環(huán)境中，會碰到“差異性”的問題，但它不是提升差異意識的途徑，故a錯。c文中沒有提到。
i lost my sight when i was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in atlanticcity and landing on my head. now i am thirty two. i can vaguely remember the brightness ofsunshine and what color red is. it would be wonderful to see again, but a calamity can do strangethings to people. it occurred to me the other day that i might not have come to love life as i do ifi hadn't been blind. i believe in life now. i am not so sure that i would have believed in it sodeeply, otherwise. i don't mean that i would prefer to go without my eyes. i simply mean that theloss of them made me appreciate the more what i had left.
life, i believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality. the more readily a person isable to make these adjustments, the more meaningful his own private world becomes. theadjustment is never easy. i was bewildered and afraid. but i was lucky. my parents and myteachers saw something in me--a potential to live, you might call it--which i didn't see, and theymade me want to fight it out with blindness.
the hardest lesson i had to learn was to believe in myself. that was basic. if i hadn't beenable to do that, i would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the restof my life. when i say belief in myself i am not talking about simply the kind of self confidencethat helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. that is part of it. but i mean something biggerthan that: an assurance that i am, despite imperfections, a real, positive person; that somewherein the sweeping, intricate pattern of people there is a special place where i can make myself fit.
it took me years to discover and strengthen this assurance. it had to start with the mostelementary things. once a man gave me an indoor baseball. i thought he was mocking me and iwas hurt. "i can't use this." i said. "take it with you," he urged me, "and roll it around." thewords stuck in my head. "roll it around! "by rolling the ball i could hear where it went. this gaveme an idea how to achieve a goal i had thought impossible: playing baseball. at philadelphia'soverbrook school for the blind i invented a successful variation of baseball. we called it groundball.
all my life i have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at atime. i had to learn my limitations. it was no good to try for something i knew at the start waswildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of failure. i would fail sometimesanyway but on the average i made progress.
1. we can learn from the beginning of the passage that
a. the author lost his sight because of a car crash.
b. the author wouldn't love life if the disaster didn't happen.
c. the disaster made the author appreciate what he had.
d. the disaster strengthened the author's desire to see.
2. what's the most difficult thing for the author?
a. how to adjust himself to reality.
b. building up assurance that he can find his place in life.
c. learning to manage his life alone.
d. to find a special work that suits the author.
3. according to the context, "a chair rocker on the front porch" in paragraph 3 means thatthe author
a. would sit in a rocking chair and enjoy his life.
b. was paralyzed and stayed in a rocking chair.
c. would lose his will to struggle against difficulties.
d. would sit in a chair and stay at home.
4. according to the passage, the baseball and encouragement offered by the man
a. hurt the author's feeling.
b. gave the author a deep impression.
c. directly led to the invention of ground ball.
d. inspired the author.
5. according to the passage, which of the following is correct?
a. the author set goals for himself but only invited failure most of the time.
b. the author suggested not trying something beyond one's ability at the beginning.
c. the bitterness of failure prevented the author from trying something out of e of his limitations, the author tried to reach one goal at a time.
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