范文為教學(xué)中作為模范的文章，也常常用來指寫作的模板。常常用于文秘寫作的參考，也可以作為演講材料編寫前的參考。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐懞靡黄段哪兀恳韵率俏覟榇蠹宜鸭膬?yōu)質(zhì)范文，僅供參考，一起來看看吧
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇一
on behalf of our travel agency to you a warm welcome! welcome to the beautiful city of the mountain tai, the state tourism and cultural city of the tai’an!
this is mr., our driver, who has many years of driving experience, so you may rest assured but sitting well in his car. my chinese name is xx, you can call me miss x. i come from the unit holiday travel agency. then the next time, i come to you on service, so my job is to smooth your way, care for your welfare, try my best to answer your question, and be your guide.
my telephone number is xxxxxxxx, if you have any special interesting, please tell your tour leader or me, we will try our best to make your stay in tai’an a pleasant one. we highly appreciate your understanding and co-operation.
ok. next time i must tell you that: the mountain tai is tall and steep, very steep in some places. so you must pay special attention to safety, to do “walk not viewing, viewing not walk”, especially advantageous location, but also to “simply walk down, not looking up view”.
ok! now, i want to chat about the mountain tai with you. the mountain tai is located in the central of shandong province, east of the yellow sea, west of the yellow river. the mountain tai, ancient dongyue, also know as daizong、daishan. since ancient time, also know as“the five sacred mountains domination”. it formed 27 to 28 billon years ago, the total area of 426 square kilometers, 1545 meters sea level peak yuhuang ding. with the surrounding low mountains and hills, its relative height over thirteen hundred meters, which is giving a pull to sky momentum. based on the large and concentrated, giving a “rock solid” “heavy as mountain tai” natural feeling, so people warm to praise her.
for the climate, fertile land, they become a thriving ancient human heart and the birthplace of ancient culture. for thousands of years, they have been the east’s political, economic and cultural center.
according to legend, in ancient times, 72 emperors had come here to worship heaven and earth. many writers also left inscriptions and steles here, and it gains the reputation as “a natural museum of a art”
in china, many emperors including the first chinese emperor qin shihuang, the emperor wudi of han dynasty, emperor xuanzong of tang dynasty, and emperor kangxi、qianlong of qing dynasty and so on, held grand sacrificial ceremonies on its summit. it’s so-called “fengshan”. the “feng”, is built the round alter at the very top of the mountain to heaven; the “shan”, is built the square alter under the mountains to earth. if generation emperor can high offer sacrifices to heaven and earth on the mountain tai, they will be to the world as peace and harmony symbol of peace and prosperity, the emperor himself seems to have become “the son of the heaven”.
therefore, the image of emperors became the spokesman for taishan, and left a lot of cultural relics in the number of mountains of the mountain domination position.
was also named the world cultural and heritage by united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization( unesco) in december 1987, with the ancient building complex comprising its main contents. in 2006, the ancient buildings on mt. tai successfully entered the list of the sixth batch of national key protection units of historical relics approved by the state council, china’s cabinet. the ancient buildings were constructed along a nine-kilometer winding path. the important parts of the buildings are the guandi temple, queen mother’s pool, red gate palace, south heaven gate, three officers temple, and temple of universal illumination.
emperors over the course of two thousand years came to worship on mountain taishan. the temple to the god of mt. taishan(daimiao), at the base of mount taishan and the azure cloud temple(bixiaci) at its peak are the two best-known sites. the azure cloud temple is the best-preserved ancient structure on mountain tai. the well-preserved state of the ancient building complex is attributed to the scientific and systematic protection and management by related authorities.
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇二
青海湖又名“措溫布”，即藏語“青*的?！敝?，位于青海省西北部的青海湖盆地內(nèi)，既是*最大的內(nèi)陸湖泊，也是*最大的咸水湖。美麗的青海湖作文200字，我們來看看。
這個(gè)暑假我和姥爺姥姥一起去了青海省西寧，在青海省西寧，我到過幾個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，其中一個(gè)是青海湖，我是和姥姥、老姑、還有一個(gè)叫席子航的小男孩一起去的，他是我老姑的孫子。
剛到日月山，就看到一個(gè)路牌，上面寫著：“青海湖——*最美的湖”，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去湖面好像和天連在一起，讓人分不清哪里是水，哪里是天。不愧是*最美的湖，果然名不虛傳。
我們一走到湖邊，就忍不住叫起來：哇，這么大的湖?。∥液拖雍骄土⒖掏闲弦m，然后又挽起褲腿后，走到湖邊兒，迎著浪花玩兒水，那兒湖里的水很清澈，我們玩的最開心的是玩“打水漂”，就是用小石頭水平的投向水面，讓石頭擦著水面向前“飛”，我們比賽著看誰投的好。玩的不亦樂乎。
浪也挺大的，在那，我還發(fā)生一個(gè)驚險(xiǎn)的一幕，正當(dāng)我玩的高興時(shí)。突然一個(gè)大浪向我迎面撲來，我沒有防備，把我半截身體都打濕了，姥姥遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)看到，嚇的半死，連連喊我回來，她說真怕大浪把我裹到湖里。
又玩了一會(huì)，我們才依依不舍的走了。
青海湖是最大的咸水湖，在那里風(fēng)景優(yōu)美，讓你感覺像是走進(jìn)了連綿不斷的畫卷。
在青海湖的路邊，開滿了黃*的油菜花，在近處看，像一群小
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇三
hello,everyone!
now our already arrived the huangshan mountain scenic ot southernregion strategic place soup mouth. first introduces the huangshanmountain scenery in here to you the survey.
huangshan mountain, is located south the chinese anhui province, isthe chinese nanling sierra the part, entire mountain areaapproximately ,200 square kilometers. the huangshan mountain mountainsystem center-section, is huangshan mountains essence are partial,also huangshan mountain scenic ot which must tour on us, areaapproximately 54 square kilometers. it within the boundaries ofhuangshan mountain city, south neighbour she county, huizhou area,xiuning county and yi xian, north continually yellow mountainous area;these five counties, the area also all belong to the huangshanmountain city jurisdiction.
huangshan mountain in chinese tang dynasty before is called themountain, is the black appearance, because on the mountain therock blue black is blue black, the ancient gives it such name. thefable we chinese races ancestor shaft yellow emperor in completes thearea south of yellow river to unify after industry, founds the chinesecivilization, arrives here to pick the medicine to build up dan, takesa bath in the hot ring, thus obtains enlightenment the dynasty renowned emperor ming huangli the proerous baseextremely will believe this view, (747 years) has gotten downtogether the imperial edict in day valuable six years, the mountain willchange name huangshan mountain. the meaning is, this mountain isyellow emperors mountain. from then on, huangshan mountain this nameone until now.
the friends, you are not far thousand, even wan lidao here, must lookat huangshan mountain with own eyes the america? not is must feel atime of life to be joyful? yes, huangshan mountain is certainlybeautiful certainly beautiful, may say the day wonderful mountain, canascend a height to get a broad view it, has a look it with own eyes,truly is a life big happy event. before the very long long time, inthe long geologic history generation, the nature infinite strength,has molded the huangshan mountain that certainly beautiful elegantdemeanour and all sorts of unusual landscapes very much, makes onefall, is elated.
huangshan mountains america, first on beautifully in its high competes xiu, feng feng expresses admiration, reectively hasthe characteristic, each charm. the huangshan mountain high peak hashow many, but also does not have an accurate numeral. in the historysuccessively names has 36 big peaks, 36 small peaks, recent years alsohad 0 famous peaks to be selected "the huangshan mountain will". thismore than 80 mountain peaks high overwhelming majority above theelevation kilometer, lotus flower peak is all highest ( ,864 meters),the light goes against is next ( ,84 meters), the day all peak rankold three ( meters), these three big peaks and the graceful bearingoutstanding beginning letter peak ( ,683 meters), are huangshanmountains friends, even if mounts in these four high peaks, alsocalculated no empty this under, i "four certainly" separately make again huangshan mountain anintroduction.
said huangshan mountain "four certainly", arranges at first working asis the wonderful pine. yellow pinus montana wonderfully in what place?first is wonderfully in it does not have compared to obstinate
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇四
topic: define the mountain summer resort as “garden bright pearl, science open-air museum”.
part one: how this garden is special.
_question: (outside the resort, to sitimulate the tourist’s interests)
our garden experts said that, the summer vacation mountain village is the miniature of our beautiful motherland. why can the experts say like this?
_introduction:
chengde summer resort is in the northern part of chengde city, heibei province. chengde imperial palace also known as the rehe place, where qing emperors spent their summer days and work in, so it was not an imperial summer palace in its usual meaning, but became a important centre next to beijing.
_knowledge about the layout:
there are two parts of the resort——the palaces and a scenic area.
the palaces were for emperors to handled political affairs and lived in. the scenic area includes lakes, hills and grassland. there are eight artificial lakes. emperor kangxi commented the resort as “having the mountains as the bone and water as the heart ”. emperor qianlong’s remark, “though it is named as mountain resort, its beauty is in water” highlighted the feature of the resort. because kangxi and qianlong have toured in south china many times and appreciated a lot of beauties there, so that beauties were like been moved by the emperors into the resort. so this garden has the north and south style in a body.
_answer of the question:
the natural mountains and rivers built it was copied the landscape from southern jiangsu and outside shanhaiguan, there has forests, lakes, grassland and mountains; almost include all kinds of the landscapes of china.
outside the palaces is the eight outer temples, this temples surrounding the palaces like the star surrounding the moon, symbolized the national various nationalities closely around the qing dynasty’s rule center.
part two: great values of the resort.
in our country history:
the mountain summer resort has witnessed the qing dynasty’s consolidation and development. said from its rich history connotation, it is really a national and religious history museum.
_question: why mountain summer resort is considered as “intangible great wall”?
when the qing government made beijing its capital, it paid attention to the relationship with the national minorities in mongolia, xinjiang and tibet, and keep a marriage relation with them. it can be seen like this way: the temples around the mountain summer resort were the outcome of the policy of national solidarity and consolidation of the multi-national country.
we know the ming dynasty has built great wall, but the policy of building the mountain summer resort is more effectual .
from the cultural value:
in the resort, han nationality culture and some national minority cultures, both display respective characteristics and absorb from each other. now chengde already towards to the world, the culture is not belongs to china also the universe.
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇五
good morning! ladies and gentlemen:
today we will go and visit the nanyue temple, nanyue temple is situated on the northern tip of nanyue township and at the southern foot of chidi peak. in a layout of nine rows, it is the largest and best-preserved ancient palatial architectural complex of south china. magnificent and splendid with resplendent upturned eaves. inside the east in parallel to eight buddhist palaces on the west, it is indeed a wonder in the history of religion that taoism. buddhism and confucian culture can co-exist within a single temple.
the exact time of the construction of nanyue temple is unknown. it existed asearly as in the qin and han dynastis. originally located on the summit of zhurong peak, the temple was later moved to the mountain foot to facilitate the religious activities. the beginning of the tang dynasty witnessed the formal construction of the heavenly lord huo"s temple" the "heavenly master temple". so as to enshrine and worship the gods of the five sacred mountains, during the song dynasty the immortal of the hengshan mountain was revered as the "heavenly master zhaosheng",as a result the temple was gradually expanded and enlarged. since the tang dynasty nanyue temple had beed subject to six fires and 16reconstructions all through the song. yuan, ming and qing dynasties. in the 8th year of emperor guangxu"s reign in the qing dynasty (1882 ), the imperial court ordered the rbuilding of nanyue temple. which had been ruined by lightning, the project was imitative. copying the styles of the imperial palace. and even to the present day it is still well preserved.
fenced with red-brick ue temple ccupies an area of some square metres. from north to south lies in sequence nine rows and four courtyards-lingxing gate. kuixing tower. chuan gate. pavilion of imperial study, main hall, dwelling palace and the northern rear exit. the whole architecture complex stretches across on axis extending from south to north with its halls linked up together. the winding corridors and wing-rooms on both sides merge with each other. accentuating the magnificence of the stature of the principal part. on the east side of the main temple there are eight taoist palaces. coordinating with eight buddhist palaces on the west side.
the first row is lingxing gate. two gilded chinese characters "mountain temple" are shining on the white marble at the top of the gate. the marble gate stands as high as 20 metres with a width of metres and is meant to imply that during the past dynasties all the religious activities were officiated by real knowledgeable people. the second row is kuixing tower. the most perfectly preserved ancient stage in human a breadth of 35metres and a length of 12. its fa?ade facing the main palace, the stage is the place where people hold religious activities and perform local operas during pilgrimage. before the tower stands a pair of 2-metre tall stone kylin (chinese unicorn). with their furious eyes widely open. they are like two solemn looking sentinels guarding the tower.
the pebble path under the kuixing tower leads to the third row-main chuan gate. east and west gates. the gateway is made of gray bricks with an awesome depth and height of 15 metres. the courtyard within is filled with dense cypress trees and carpeted with green grass. the fourth row is the pavilion of imperial study. distinguished by its gilded tiles. octagonal doubleeaved roofs and exquisitely-crafted arches. inside the pavilion there is a bixi in the shape of a legendary animal like tortoise. legend has it that bixi is the ninth son of the dragon. the bixi carries an imperial stele on which the full text of on rebuilding nanyue temple was carved in the 47th year of kangxi"s reign(1780 .) in the qing dynasty.
the fifth row is jiaying gate. named after the line from the annals of han-books of rites and joys: "this row is the place where local magistrates and monks welcomed ritual officials dispatched from the capital. after the jiaying gate the sixth row comes into view-tower of imperial study. which is the storehouse of the collection of imperial calligraphies ages and inscribed boards concerning the past emperors" ritual presentations to the mountain. sweeet osmanthus ahead of the tower submerges the building with its refreshing scent when it blossoms every autumn.
the seventh row is the main palace. surrounded by towering old trees. camphor trees planted in the song dynasty and cypress in the ming dynasty compete with each other in setting off the beauty of the upturned double-roofs and the splendour of the palace. adding tremendous awe to the main palac. as it stands metres, its girandeur rivals that of the palace of supreme harmony in the forbidden city in beijing. inside the palace there are 72 stone pilliars, standing for the 72 peaks on the hengshan mountain. the two huge pillars upholding the main roofs were cut out of a whole granite. each weighing 14 tons.
encircled by the balustrades are 144 relief sculptures carved out of white marbles. based on shanhai jing . pillars on the forefront overlap. carved on them are 56 historical and legendary thles . on the square door were carved the images. on the square door were carved the images of the 24 filial sons and the images of the 18 scholars. here tourists can get a rough idea of the age-old chinese confucian and taoist cultures. clay statues-heavenly king zhaosheng and general jin and wu line up in the palace with their impressively dignified look, calling forth in tourists a feeling of profound respect.
the eighth row is the dwelling palacewith double roofs and in perfect harmony with the whole mountain. this structure keeps up the architectural style of the song dynasty and is decorated with coloured drawings and patterns whichare popular among palaces in the north. giving a sense of gorgeousness to this palace. the ninth row is the northern rear exit. the end of the axial architecture, with zhusheng palace to the right and chief god palace to the left, at the back of the exit. a path leads farther into the mountain.
nanyue temple occupies a prominent position in the history of ancient chinese architecture. it carries the grandeur characterized by palaces in the north. and at the same time it smacks of the loveliness featured by gardens in the south. the architectural arrangement of the temple is clearly demarcated and gently modulated. strongly indicating the ingenuity and originality of the craftsmen. its ground and upper layouts are like an eternal musical movement with its own overture, main body and coda. demonstrating the excellence of ancient chinese architecture.
nanyue temple carries a profound cultural connotation. it boasts a large number of clay statues. wood engravings and stone carvings, which are all closely linked up with chinese tradition and culture. over 800 dragons of various sizes, which are the symbol of the chinese be found everwhere in the temple. the carvings on the roof wood and white marble balustrades are an encyclopedia of ancient history and mythology. there are fairy tales- "pan gu creating the universe." "hou yi shooting the suns", "jing wei filling up the ocean"-; real stories about some historical figures- "su wu shepherding sheep." "sleeping on sticks and tasting the gallbladder." "da mo crossing the sea"- ; legends extolling filial piety- "melting the ice with body warmth to catch carps." "weeping on the bamboo until it turns into shoots"- most of the carvings are the lgends about the earliest ancestors of taoist immortals. as early as in the qing and ming dynasties, clay status, wood engraving and stone carving were reputed as "the three wonders to the south of the yangtze river."
all through the dynasties nanyue temple has been a thriving place to hold religious activities both for the feudal imperial courts and the ordinary people. every year the temple greets nearly pilgrims. the offerings, presentation, titles and other customs are almost the same as they were thousands years ago. there are "bowing pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps , and "hunger pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps. "and hunger pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims refrain from food during their trip. more often. pilgrims would set off in throngs. they wear gray clothes with a red cloth attached to their chest reading "hengshan mountain pilgrimage." holding buring incenses in hand. those pious pilgrims chant pilgriming theme" to pray for the peace of the nation and the wealth of people, making it a really spectacular scene on the mountain.
青海湖導(dǎo)游詞200字篇六
greeting words： good morning ladies and gentlemen, it’s so nice to meet you here. my name is jo, come from china international travel agency, and i’ll be your guide for these 3 days in henan. on behalf of cita, welcome to seated our driver mr lee, who has good skills and rich experience in driving. during your stay in henan, we two would do our utmost to make your stay pleasant！and your cooperation would be appreciated！ if any requirement is needed,please just feel free to let us know. we would be pleased to help you a wonderful stay in henan！ thank you！ now our car is drivingon the xxx expressway, it takes about three hours to our destination—xxx scenic area. during this period of time, i’d like to give you a brief introduction about henan and the place we’re going to visit. henan, one of the largest provinces with richest tourism resources in china, has numerous tourist attractions of both naturalness and humanity, and it is hard to name them them, the xxx is one of the tourist attractions with widest popularity in the world. now, let’s focus on it and talk it over in detail and try to keep some of the main points in mind since we’re going to pay a visit to it .now, we have arrived at the xxx scenic spot, please close the window tightly, carry on your belongings and get off the bus. our car number yu a12345, and my phone number is13837892950please bear them in mind. at12：00pm, we’re supposed to assemble here, please hold the time.
the shaolin temple the shaolin temple was first completed in 495, during the reign of northern wei dynasty. in 527, bodhidharma, the disciple of sakyamuni of the 28th generation came here to practice zen creed. as it was concealed in the thick woods of the shaoshi hill, it was given the name shaolin temple meaning “temple in the woods of shaoshi hill”. as you know, the shaolin temple is widely known not only for its ancient and mysterious buddhist culture, but also for its martial arts, that is kungfu in chinese, which enjoys a tradition of some 2000 years. so that’s the saying “chinese kungfu taking the first place under the heaven” and “the best kungfu originating from shaolin temple.” in the year 2000, the temple sightseeing zone was designated to be one of the aaaaa—grade tourist attractions of china by the national tourism administration
now we’re standing in front of the front gate hall. please look up at the plaque hanging above the lintel, and you’ll find the plaque bears three chinese characters, shaolin si, the name of the temple. this is said to be handwritten by emperor kangxi of the qing dynasty. this work is very precious because the emperor rhttp： wrote. ok please follow me. just now, we have visited the front gate hall, steles, ginkgos, and the hall of the heavenly kings, and now, we are just in the principal hall in the temple, the hall of mahavira. this hall is enshrined with three main buddhas in the central part. they are sakyamuni buddha sitting in the middle and pharmacist buddha of the eastern glazed world and amitabha buddha from the western paradise sitting on both sides. along the gable walls, sit 18 buddhist arhats, who were enlightened buddhist monks. on both sides in front of the hall of mahavira, stand the bell tower and the drum tower symmetrically. they were rebuilt in 1994 used to report hours for the temple. normally the bell is used in the morning, while the drum, in the afternoon, hence the saying “morning bell and afternoon drum”.
in front of the bell tower is the stele called “the stele of li shimin” telling the story about how the monks from the shaolin temple rescued prince li shimin from being pursued and attacked by wang shichong during the late sui dynasty. li shimin, who later became the emperor of the tang dynasty wrote the inscriptions on the stele personally,and left with a signature of shi min on the stele. ok please come with me, we are going to the next hall. so now, the pavilion in front of us, not like the zangjingge and the abbot’s rooms we visited just now, enjoys a moving story. it’s named dharma’s pavilion or lixue pavilion, that is “standing in the snow” in english. it says： after boddhi dharma came to china, many chinese buddhist believers wanted to be his followers, and shengguang was the most prominent of all of them. healways followed him whenever and wherever he went and served dharma with heart and soul. but dharma didn’t agree to accept shengguang as a disciple. shengguang didn’t lose heart and became even more steadfast. on a snowy night, he begged as usual with budhidharma outside, standing in the knee—high snow. the master set forward a prerequisite： he would not meet his demand unless it would snow in red flakes. suddenly shengguang drew out the sword and cut off his left arm and stained the snowy ground. bodhidharma was so moved that he passed his mantle, alms bowl and musical instruments on to shengguang and gave him a buddhist name of huike. he was regarded as the second founder of the zen sect. emperor qianlong wrote a phrase on a plaque in commemoration alright everyone, now we are in the last hall, pilu hall, also called a thousand buddha hall. it’s also the largest structure of the shaolin temple. this is just the highlight of the sightseeing zone. so until now, the visit in the shaolin temple is almost over. i think you may have some questions about the temple, or you want to take some photos. so, please do remember, you have half an hour. after half an hour we will gather in our bus, and make sure you’ll be there on time. and then we are going to the pagoda forest. thank you for your attention！
the longmen grottoes around 13 km south of luoyang, there are two picturesque hills confronting each other with the yi river flowing northward between them, connected by an arched stone bridge resembling a natural gate tower. this is the right place named longmen, where the well—known longmen grottoes is located. the grottoes, which earns the fame of one of the three treasure houses of stone sculpture in china, was created over 1500 years age. it was first known in the year 493 ad, when emperor xiaowen moved his capital to luoyang from datong, shannxi province, which marked the initiation of development and expanse of buddhism in central china. it prolongs for 1000 meters from north to south. according to the statistics conducted in recent years, there are 2300 caves and niches with over 100000 buddhist figures. in addition, more than 2800 tablet inscriptions and some 40 buddhist pagodas were preserved in or out of the caves.
now, we’ve got to the grottoes. in front of you, here is the qianxi temple. it was built in the early tang dynasty around 640 ad. it has altogether 7 buddhist statues inside, of which, amitabhabuddha is sitting in the central part with 2 of his favorite disciples, 2 bodhisattvas, and 2 heavenly kings. please come with me. now we are in front of the bin yang caves. the bin yang caves consist of 3 large caves, the north, the middle and the south caves. the mid and the south caves were built under emperor xuanwu for practicing the merits and virtues for his diseased parents, late emperor xiaowen and late empress dowagerwenzhao. while the north bin yang cave was added for the late emperor xuanwu by a eunuch in the palace. in the western hill of longmen, there are several “the most” caves to feast your eyes. just now, we visited the ten—thousand buddha cave with 15000 buddhist images, which has the most buddha images, and the lotus cave with 2cm—high buddha images, which are the tiniest buddha images. and now, we’ve come to another “most”, the fengxian temple. fengxian temple was built in the tang dynasty and it is the largest grotto in longmen temple with a width of 36 meters and a length of 41 meters. the most impressive figure is the statue of vairocana buddha sitting cross—legged on the eight—square lotus throne. it is meters in total height with the head 4meters in height and the ears meters in length. at the sides of vairocana there are two statues of vairocana buddhas disciples, kasyapa and ananda, wearing prudent and devout expressions,next are 2 bodhisattvas, heavenly kings, andgreat men of strength. vairocana means illuminating all things in the sutra. the buddha has a well—filled figure, a sacred and kindly expression and an elegant smile. the chief buddha gives you an impression of dignified manner, magnificent looking, wise, farsighted and kind nature. the various appearances and delicate designs are the representations of empire tangs powerful material and spiritual strength as well as the high crystallization of peoples wisdoms. looking around the overall arrangement, we would rather say that the fengxian temple is a scene of a grand imperial court than a spot of buddhism. generally speaking, the fengxian temple is the most magnificent and artistic among all the shrines of the tang dynasty as well as an example of success in integrating politics with buddhism in ancient china. ok everyone, now you can take photos here. or you can ask questions that you don’t understand. after 15 minutes we will gather right here. see you then.
yuntai mountain situated in xiuwu county, hennan province, yuntai mountain has edged onto the china national natural heritage candidate list due to its unique geological landforms, rich natural resources and cultural relics. it is characterized by its structural cuesta, flying waterfalls on faulted cliffs, quiet valleys and clear as a world geopark, it was one of the first world geoparks to be approved by the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization in 2004. the park is known for its massive gardening areas, overhanging high cliffs, flying waterfalls, secluded valleys and spring water, with a spring in every 3 steps, a waterfall in every 5 steps, a pond in every 10 steps .covering an area of 190sqm, the scenic spot is composed of many sightseeing places, such as tan pu gorge, quanpu gorge, red stone gorge, zifang lake, macaque valley etc.
the red stone canyon, which is a rare canyon sight in north china with waterfalls, lakes, pools and gullies, is highly acclaimed by gardening experts as a “natural gallery for mountain and river collections” because of its grand and exclusive landscapes. the most splendid waterfall in the canyon is the bailong waterfall, spanided into three falls, measuring 30 meters in height. it looks as shiny as a huge silver dragon. a good place for waterfall watching is the heilong （black dragon） cave, which is as long as 30 meters with absolute darkness inside. standing in the cave, youhttp： can not only see the marvelous falls dashing down into the deep pools but also the perilous high stiffs, narrowly separated from each other by fast—flowing gullies so that the sky is scarcely visible. the spring water flowing down the cliffs splashes into water drops that dazzle in the sunlight like colorful diamonds, looking like a unique picture hanging on the wall. yuntai mountain is famous for its grotesque hill, which extends as far as eyes can see. the main peak, cornel peak, is 1308m above the sea is said to be famous for a poem by a famous poet in the tang dynasty called wang wei, who worked out a popular poem when he climbed up the mountain. the poem thinking of my brothers in mountain climbing day fully conveys his emotion of missing friends. mounting to the mountain top and looking far into the distance, you can see the yellow river winding like a silver belt. having a bird view of the foot of the mountain, you can see chains of peaks like sea waves. the weather on the top is oftenhttp： unpredictable. all at once clouds gather and wind blows,with mist rising among the mountains. the mountains looming in the mist and clouds look so vague that you feel as if you were in a fairy world.
also, it had been the secluded place of seven bamboo forest sages of the wei and the jin period. medicine king, sun simiao, once collected chinese medicine here. many historical stories are spreading in the area related to some fames once visited here. yuntai mountain is famous for its numerous rivers, lakes, pools and springs. here we can see the highest waterfall in the country———— yuntai skyscraper waterfall, which is 314 meters high like a huge pillar, reminds us of a famous peom of libai“ the waters puring down from thousands above of the mountain, like the silver river dropping down from top of the heaven”. it looks especially magnificent, forming a unique spectacle along with other waterfalls, such as the tianmen waterfall, bailong waterfall, huanglong waterfall and y—shaped waterfall, dashing abruptly downward. well,next spot for us is the qinglong canyon here, renowned as “first canyon in central china”, attracts many people for ecological touring for its mild climate, rich water resources and various vegetations.
the garden of market in qingming festival now we’re leading our way to the city of kaifeng. kaifengis one of the 8 major ancient capitals of china. the city of kaifeng was already in existence before 700 . during the period of warring states more than 2,000 years ago, king hui of the state of wei moved his capital to kaifeng, rebuilt the city and called it daliang. since then, kaifeng was the capital of several dynasties. as an ancient capital, kaifeng has a lot of historical relics and scenic spots. some of them have been preserved, such as the iron pagoda, po pagoda, xiangguo monastery, dragon pavilion. they are precious heritages of the chinese culture. the famous painting qingming scroll is believed by some to portray daily life in kaifeng. the painting, of which several versions are extant, is attributed to the song dynasty artist zhang zeduan. have you ever dreamed of going back to northern song dynasty in china and enjoy the prosperity and culture of those years？ if so, come to the garden of market in qingming festivallocated in the old city of kaifeng in henan province. find yourself in the spectacular scenery there and you are sure to realize that dream. the garden of market in qingming festival located on the western bank of longting lake is a grand cultural garden. it covers an area of 600 mu, and the construction area is more than 30,000 square meters .the built area consists of several architectural complexes which are re—creations based on the famous twelfth century painting by zhang zeduan of the qingming festival by the riverside.
when you enter the garden of market in qingming festival, a statue which is 16 meters tall comes into view. this figure is none other than the artist zhang zeduan, who holds his famous drawing of the qingming festival by the riverside. this picture is a painted scroll which is 525 cm in length and cm in width depicting life along bian river during the qingming festival. the scenes in this painting are highly detailed and the spectacle is magnificent. there are large numbers of people and buildings. the people are shown in a variety of contemporary clothes that indicate their social standing and occupations. the lively throng includes many animals and it is not difficult to imagine the sounds in the street scenes where the people are crowded and noisy. we can almost hear someone’s bargaining with a shop owner while others are cheering entertainers. the picture is like a live symphony of life during the song dynasty.
now we can find these scenic spots such as city gate tower, rainbow bridge, distinctive shops and others which are re—created in the park according to the scenes in the painting. the garden of market in qingming festival not only reappears the vast vigor of the millennium picture, but also makes the history living by flexible creative idea, makes tourists the sense of backward flowing time by entering the park, just like passing through the space tunnel. another scenic spot called rainbow bridge is a well—known feature in the park. it is a replica of one of the ten ancient timber bridges. the bridge is 5 meters high. the first bridge was built in 1050, and reconstructed in 1998. four 9 meters high columns, two at either end of the bridge, replicate the poles that were weather vanes at the time of the song dynasty. a white crane sits on a disk at the top of each column and they turn to face into the wind, indicating its direction. as a scenic spot for folk—custom tours, chinese authorities have done a lot to preserve folk handcrafts and folk customs. you can see the process of making handicrafts, such as bian embroidery, paintings for new years, enamel wares, tea ceremony, spinning and weaving, figures made from flour and sugar and folk—custom performances, such as acrobatics, folk arts and performances of birds, fighting cocks and dogs. here, you are not only a visitor, but an actor. for example, you can act as mr. right in the competition for marrying mr. wang’s beautiful daughter and have the opportunity to enjoy the traditional wedding festivities. and you can be the scholar in the imperial examination to bring honor to your ancestors. there is a large amusement hall built in the song style, where many amusement activities are held, including swings, balance beams and many other amusements. as an ecological scenic spot, this garden was built and forested according to the market day during the qingming festival. the whole garden combines natural beauty with historical flavor, thus forming a favorable place to have a true rest and evoke your full energy both physically and spiritually.
yin ruins yin ruins is at xiaotun village of anyang city. in ancient times, xiaotun was called yin and it was the capital of the shang dynasty. so the period was also called yin shang. after the yin had been overthrown, the city declined and the remains of it was later called the yin ruins. since the founding of new china, the yin ruins had been listed as the first group of cultural relics under national protection. in order to preserve its culture, the government built “garden of the yin ruins” on the site. today the garden is spanided into several sections with ancient objects on display. because of its great value in not only the historical relics of chinese culture but also the human civilization of the whole world, yin xu topped the 100 greatest archeological discoveries of china in the last century and it was listed in the world cultural and natural heritage list of united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization （unesco）. yin xu is revealing its beauty to the world.
ok, everybody. soon we’ll get to the museum on yin ruins, the best museum for the study of the yin shang culture. the yin ruins is famous for three things, oracle inscriptions, the bronze wares and the ancient capital of the shang dynasty. as you know, china is one of the earliest countries to discover characters. as early as 4,000 years ago, people used bones or tortoise shells to record events of their social life. it is the earliest written form of language in the world. today we call them the oracle bone inscriptions, which were first discovered in the yin ruins. well,let’s come to the main hall where the oracle inscriptions are exhibited. the oracle bone inscriptions were first discovered during the years of emperor guangxu, in the qing dynasty. in 1899, in xiao tun village of anyang city, henan province, villagers found many tortoise shells and bones carved with letters and symbols, which unveiled to the world from yin xu, an ancient city with a long history and splendid more than 16,000 pieces of bones and shells were found. but in the shang dynasty, they were used as spaninations, when people were very superstitious. the inscriptions cover a wide range of fields, such as sacrifice, wars, state affairs, weather, hunting, etc. today, they provide important information for the study of the shang dynasty. and the study of the oracle bone inscriptions has become a new subject and is getting more popular among people. since
then this place has become of great interest to worldwide archeologists, because those inscriptions have proved to be the earliest written characters of human beings, the oracles. apart from the oracle bone inscriptions, bronze wares are another important part of the cultural relics discovered from the ruins, which show that the technology of bronze casting reached its peak in the shang dynasty. the bronze wares include vessels, weapons,chariots and so on. among all the unearthed wares, simuwuquadripod unearthed in the mausoleum area of the yin ruins, the largest and the most famous bronze sacrificial vessel in the world, is 875 kg in weight, 133 cm in height. standing on the open plaza in front of the great hall is an enlarged copy of the original one for the convenience of touring and appreciation, with the original one cherished in the museum of chinese history. with its unusual air of majesty, together with its elegance in appearance and intricately carved in patterns, it is considered a treasure in the bronze culture of china as well as a glorious pearl shining on the peak of the world art. to cast such a significant vessel carrying such a great weight, advanced techniques and experiences in organization of laborers are necessary. as many scholars have pointed out, this huge bronze quadripod reflects the advanced slavery system of the shang dynasty and the unusual power of creation of the people. finally we come to the side of the imperial palaces and tombs. lying on the southwest of the foundation ruins c, fuhao tomb is one of the most important archeology discoveries in the temple. it is also the only discovered and well—reserved tomb of shang royal members since the science excavation of yin ruins. now, let’s know something about the first woman general in chinese was emperor wu ding’s wife,both intelligent and courageous. she had bravely led the yin army fighting in many wars and made great contributions to the protecting of the country. after her death, wu ding built a large tomb near the palace to honor her merits. buried together with her were many slaves and war prisoners as well assacrificial objects. the large numbers of sacrificial objects are valuable cultural relics in the treasure house of chinese art.
chaya mountain
chaya mountain scenic area is located in suiping county zhumadian, 25 kilometers away from downtown, a total of 150 square kilometers, average altitude of 600 meters. it is the first scenic area published in henan, presently that wins national geological parks, national forest park and national 4a scenic spots. because of its exquisite scenery that builds a strange beautiful scenery scroll, chayamountain is honored “huaxia basin” and “jiangbei forest of stone”. the poor landform, so that is the military commander battleground. as the valuable and non—renewable geological heritage, the chaya mountain includes the steepness of huashan mountain, splendor of taishan mountain, peculiarity of huangshan mountain, elegance of emei mountain and tranquility of yandang mountain. as the only granite landform ruins in china, also rarely seen worldwide, chaya mountain has great scientific values.
and now, we have got into the chayamountainscenic, the whole scenic is spanided into four parts, namely beeswax hill, southhill, northhill, six peaks hill. the essence of scenic spots is mainly concentrated in the southhill parts,just the part were going to visit today. the mountain is bestowed with an agreeable climate and abundant resources. in each season, there is a splendor of beauty. in spring, birds sing and flowers give forth fragrance； in summer, the umbrageous woodlands can be seen and clinking sounds of flowing spring water can be heard； in autumn, the mountain is fiery with maple leaves and in winter, clothed in white snow and ice. ok, please attention to look forward；we saw the highest peak of the rock firstly that is the landscape of “monkey look upon moon”, the protruding part in the center is “the sleeping tang monk”,turn right 45 degree, we will see the “drinking bajie”. you will see his opening mouth and vertical tongue and pretty belly poured drunk in hillside, his childlike scene is so lifelike that reluctant to then, we can see a peak that is “beewax peak”, why entitled this name？ it is side that there are full of wild flowers on the whole hill, so many bees are collecting pollen come here. and the honey is too much and nobody collect it, so these honey were curdled in the stone. every summer, the hill wasshined by the strong sunlight irradiation； honey will be flowedout the stone, and the whole mountain looks like besmear covered with a thick layer of beeswax, so peopleput the mountain.
named "beeswax mountain".and the lake under the mountain also got a beautiful name xiumi lake. chayamountain, compared with other mountains has its unique, the upper mount roll over one another, everywhere is strange stone, and mountain peaks, buton the bottom have thousands of holes. the millionman hole is one of to natural form of millionman hole is the underground cave, so there are many holes in it, like a big the space of the hole can accommodate tens of thousands of people, therefore the name "million man hole".enter the second door of the scenic area； we canpause to look upon the left, a big tree hanging on the steep cliff. its leaf is thick and cold, and its dry resistance is strong. according to the provincial forestry bureau experts identified, it has been growing 600 years at here. why it can survive in this environment？ experts said that the root of the tree have a special function that its root can secrete a kind of liquid that can dissolve microelement in the rock, the tree will rely on absorption this rarely microelement to keep its also responds the saying：” the survival of the fittest”. let’s keep moving, now we came to the center of the scenic spot stone monkey park. enter monkey park like into a monkeys warm home, three monkeys feel happy, pictured a harmonious family , there was a deep gorge in the north of the stone monkey park that is the boundary between chaya mountain’s north hill and south hill. the stone monkey before our eyes that are the largest lifelike stone monkey in the world. looking at stone monkey at penglai three holes, seem to see a pair of embraced young lovers. but atxiumi lake area, then you can see the peculiar landscape that elder monkey back younger monkey, it is real that a stone three scenes. it is the time that ended the explain of chaya mountain, then you can look around freely, after half an hour, we will gather at the mountain’s door and have a lunch, please take full use of the time. thank for your cooperation！
the native place of emperor huangdi
the native place of emperor huangdi is located in the north of xinzheng city. as a scenic spot of 4a— class assessed by the national tour bureau, it is a holly land for chinese people all over the world to worship their ancestors, with memorial temples, andmausoleums of emperor huangdi situated here. every year on march 3 of the lunar calendar, the day when the first emperor in china established the first nation in chinese history, people of chinese origin from home and abroad gather in xinzheng, the birthplace of xuanyuanhuangdi, or the yellow emperor, to offer sacrifices and worship this legendary ancestor of the chinese nation. to respect this great emperor, his descendants have held large ceremonies of worship, which have been attracting descendants of yanhuang from america, japan, korea, canada and other nations and areas each year. they come back to worship, seeking their roots here in china.
now, here we are, the native place of square was built in the end of covers an area of 15,000 square meters,of which 7,900 square meters are covered with trees and flowers. it has become a very important place for the domestic and overseas chinese descendants to hold large—scaled activities to worship their ancestors. in the center of the square here is a three—legged tripod caldron, whichwas cast in the shape of bears, reminding of the emperor huangdi’s rising from the youxiong tribe. the three—sided body of the tripod caldron has the embossment of three dragons with a fireball, implying the glorious sun and praying for favorable weather for crops and a harvest. standing at the center of the altar, it is laurelled as “the tripod caldron of the world” for its unparalleled size and its special origin. it is meters in height, 24 tons in weight, which has been registered in the guinness world records. the height number of made up of figure 6 and 9 implies the majesty of grandness in traditional chinese culture. through the xuanyuan bridge above the jishuiriver , here we can see the main hall. please look at the pair of the guarding animalssitting on both sides of the are stone bears. do you know why chose bears to guard the gate？ because 5,000 years ago,there used to be many bears in xinzheng. bear was a kind of animal,very powerful and fierce then. in order to show people’s worship, the youxiong tribe regarded bear as the totem of their own tribe. well, let’s enter the hall, there’re 8 mural paintings on the wall,which vividly depict the.
great achievements of the yellow emperor during his ’rethe birth of the yellow emperor,making boat and chariot,setting up an alliance by emperorhuangdi and emperor yandi, crusading againstchiyou,making youxiong the capital, holding high the dragon flag, developing agriculture and stock raising, creation of chinese civilization. it’s a long story behind these paintings： it is recorded that, in the prehistoric times, there lived many clans and tribes around the yellow river and the yangtze river, yet huangdi was the most renowned tribal leader at that time. when the tribe lead by yandi began to decline, huangdis tribe was flourishing. during this period, chiyou,another tribal leader, often lead his stronger tribe to invade other tribes, and invaded yandis tribe. with the help of huangdi, they defeated 52 battleshuangdi united china. all chinese, despite nationalities, regardedhuangdi as our ancestor. huangdi, the initiator of chinese civilization, was hence worshipped by his descendants. after the capital was built,emperorhuangdi raised his flag of dragon, symbolizing the unification of all tribes. the dragon was integrated with different parts of various animals： horse’s head, deer’s horn, tiger’s mouth, snake’s body, fish’s scales, and eagle’s claw. since then, dragon has been the symbol of chinese nation. on the both sides of the main hall, there’re eastern wing hall and western wing the east side hall,there is the statue of luozu, the first wife of emperorhuangdi. she was the first person to raise silkworm and weave silk in ancient china and alsoan outstanding representative of ancient chinese women. every feudal dynasty set up temple for her and worshipped her as “the first ancestor in silkworm raising”. while in the west side hall, here is the statue mother mo, the fourth wife of emperor huangdi, who had invented the earliest “l(fā)oom”for weaving. later generations called her “mother mo———the ancestor of weavers”.
yamen in neixiang county
the construction of the yamen here started in 1303 in yuan dynasty, and the present buildings were built in qing dynasty. it was the most well preserved government office of country level in feudal china. since our opening up to the outside world in 1984, it has attracted a number of our government officials and visitors form both at home and abroad because of its special history, science, attractive value and its own charm. we have the famous saying ： beijing is the dragonhead while the dragon’s tail is in neixiang. it is also one of the important cultural relics of state level.
the front part building of the yamen was called a screen wall, which was built with blue brick relief sculpture. in the middle of the screen, there is a strange beast, which is called “tan”. it was said to be a greedy beast that could swallow gold and silver treasures in the legend. here in the picture we can see that around it there are treasures everywhere. but he is not satisfied. his mouth opens widely intending to swallow the sun in the sky, but as a result, he falls off the steep cliff, having his body smashed into pieces. the picture on the screen was first created by zhu yuanzhang, the founder of the ming dynasty. the purpose of the drawing is to warn the government officials not to take bribes and break the law. here is the main entrance, halfway there is another gate right in the middle, called yimen, the second main official entrance. it used to be open only on the day when new governor took his place or when higher official came to visit. on both sides of the second gate, there’re two small doors, the one on the east was called life door, while the one on the west was called death door, or ghost door, which was used only by the criminals when they were sentenced to death and were going to be killed. passing through yimen, you can see a grand building here in front of you . that is the great hall. the great hall was the place where the governor of the county announced the government orders, and also some important ceremonies were held here and some important and serious criminal cases were tried here. in the middle of it, a trial desk was placed, and on the desk, the four treasures of the study and the red and green bamboo pieces used for trial could be found. on the front side of the screen, there’s a picture of seawater, tide and the sun, meaning that an official should be as clear as the sun and the moon and as clean as seawater. in other words, an official should be honest and upright. when the prosecutor and the defendant were taken to the hall for trial, they must kneel down on the stones. the square stone on the east was for the prosecutor, and the rectangle stone on the west was for the accused. since most cases.
involved more defendants, the stone for them was longer then. the house behind the great hall was called doorman house. the man who guarded the house was called doorman, who was the county governor’s relative or people who were close to him. now we have come to the second hall. it was the place where the county magistrate dealt with small cases. please look at these famous couplets, which means that before law everyone is equal. so the judges should pass the fairest judgment on people. this is called fuzi yard, an ancient form of address to a confucian scholar or to a master by his disciples. fuzi was usually the official’s assistant who was usually their close friend of knowledgeable and artistic talent. everyone, including the county governor respectfully addressed him as lao fuzi, so the place where fuzi worked was called fuzi yard. finally, let’s go to the third hall. it was the place where county governor did his daily work. if the cases he dealt with were of great importance, he would do it here. there was also a garden behind. it was here that county governor enjoyed his free life and got away from his government affairs. as we can see now, there’re many succinct couplets with rich intension here. but this one before the third hall was the most famous. it was written by gaoyigong , a county governor in neixiang county. it means that being the local officials, we rearded the common people as our parents. we worked for them voluntarily and , many of our party leaders like chairman jiang zemin read it with deep feelings, and premier zhu rongji sings high praise of it. the words can be no doubt regarded as famous saying and epigram, and the only one of its kind. so now the ymen in neixiang, together with the museum palace in beijing, and the other two in hebei and shanxi, has formed a special international tore route of the four great ancient chinese yamens. neixiang is now going out of henan and into the world. we warmly welcome all the reiends from all over the world to visit neixiang, and enjoy the elegant demeanor of the ancient yamen.
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